SEMCAD X Numerical Phantoms
v13.0

Unique to SEMCAD, an effective way of representing complex objects of irregular shape, e.g., biological bodies with complex internal structure, was developed and integrated into the GUI and simulation environment. The CAD model of such structures consists of layers of polyhedra representing the various organs or tissue types which were derived from MRI images. This representation causes no more loss of information due to discretization than compared to a model comprised entirely of voxels. Furthermore, it enables completely grid-independent arrangement of complex setups.

The data is stored in a novel compact SAT-based compound data format which significantly reduces storage requirements and allows rapid handling within SEMCAD. In addition, fully automated non-homogeneous mesh generation and an ultra-fast material assignment greatly facilitate the flexible utilization of these complex objects within the simulation environment.

 

SEMCAD SAM1: SAM Phantom

Origin	The Specific Antropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) corresponds to the 90th-percentile dimensions of an adult male head based on an antropomorphic study of US Army personnel. SAM was proposed by the Subcommittee SCC34-SC2 for compliance testing of handheld devices and subsequentely adopted for the drafts of IEEE 1528-200x as well as for CENELEC prEN50361.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1mm)
Tissues	Air, shell (2mm), inside
Features	Left and right ear and mouth reference points marked; standard positions predefined

 

SEMCAD GP1: Generic Phantom

Origin	This phantom has been developed by BIOEM/EMC of ETH Zurich and is based on an anthropometric survey of 52 persons. The shape around the ear corresponds to the 90th-percentile dimensions of that data set. Experimental versions for compliance testing and far-field measurements are available for DASY3.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1mm)
Tissues	Air, shell (2mm), inside
Features	Left and right ear and mouth reference points marked

 

SEMCAD 5T-MCL: MCL 5-Tissue Phantom

Origin	This MCL 5-Tissue Phantom was developed by Camelia and Sami Gabriel of Microwave Consultant Ltd., UK. The numerical phantom is based on MRI and CT scans of 2mm slice separations of the experimental head phantom. Note: On special request.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 2 mm)
Tissues	Air, skin, muscle, bone, brain, eye humour

 

SEMCAD HR-EF-1: High Resolution European Female Head (Compressed Ears)

Origin	This phantom is based on a high resolution MRI scan of a healthy female volunteer (age 40) obtained from the University of Zurich. The ears were gently pressed to the head surface in order to obtain the appropriate ear shape for a realistic MTE user. 121 slices were taken.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1mm in the ear region and 3mm for the rest of the head)
Tissues	Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

 

SEMCAD EM-1: European Male Head

Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
Tissues	Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

 

SEMCAD EC7: European Child Head, Age 7

Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
Tissues	Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

 

SEMCAD EC3: European Child Head, Age 3

Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
Tissues	Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

 

SEMCAD EMWB-1: Whole Body Adult Male Phantom

Origin	This phantom is based on the data set generated by the visible human project.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 2mm)
Tissues	more than 100 different tissue/organ types distinguished

 

SEMCAD AM-1, EFWB-1, etc.: Additional Human Phantom

Phantom	An Asian male head phantom and a whole-body phantom of a European female are currently under development. Additional phantoms can be developed upon request.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	Special request
Tissues	Special request

 

SEMCAD R300-1: Wistar Rat

Origin	The rat phantom was derived from two magnetic resonance images (MRI) scans taken from a rat (300g) of the strain Wistar. In the first run 74 images were taken for the whole body and in the second 57 images for the brain only.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	lateral slices (slice separation 0.5mm in the brain region and 3mm for the rest of the animal)
Tissues	brain, bone, muscle, fat, skin, heart, lungs, digestive system, liver, kidneys, testicles, eyes, nose region

 

SEMCAD R500, R180, M50, M25, M18: Additional Animal Phantoms

Phantom	Rat and mouse phantoms based on MRI scans of different weight are currently being developed. Additional animal phantoms can be developed upon request.
Format	SEMCAD compound slices format
Resolution	lateral slices (slice separation between 0.6mm and 1.1mm in the entire regin of the animal)
Resolution	Special request
Tissues	brain, bone, muscle, fat, skin, heart, lungs, digestive system, liver, kidneys, testicles (males) or uterus (female), eyes, nose region and others